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DriverManager.java
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1998-09-22
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/*
* @(#)DriverManager.java 1.6 98/07/01
*
* Copyright 1995-1998 by Sun Microsystems, Inc.,
* 901 San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, California, 94303, U.S.A.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is the confidential and proprietary information
* of Sun Microsystems, Inc. ("Confidential Information"). You
* shall not disclose such Confidential Information and shall use
* it only in accordance with the terms of the license agreement
* you entered into with Sun.
*/
package java.sql;
/**
* <P>The DriverManager provides a basic service for managing a set of
* JDBC drivers.
*
* <P>As part of its initialization, the DriverManager class will
* attempt to load the driver classes referenced in the "jdbc.drivers"
* system property. This allows a user to customize the JDBC Drivers
* used by their applications. For example in your
* ~/.hotjava/properties file you might specify:
* <CODE>jdbc.drivers=foo.bah.Driver:wombat.sql.Driver:bad.taste.ourDriver</CODE>
*
* A program can also explicitly load JDBC drivers at any time. For
* example, the my.sql.Driver is loaded with the following statement:
* <CODE>Class.forName("my.sql.Driver");</CODE>
*
* <P>When getConnection is called the DriverManager will attempt to
* locate a suitable driver from amongst those loaded at
* initialization and those loaded explicitly using the same classloader
* as the current applet or application.
*
* @see Driver
* @see Connection
*/
public class DriverManager {
/**
* Attempt to establish a connection to the given database URL.
* The DriverManager attempts to select an appropriate driver from
* the set of registered JDBC drivers.
*
* @param url a database url of the form jdbc:<em>subprotocol</em>:<em>subname</em>
* @param info a list of arbitrary string tag/value pairs as
* connection arguments; normally at least a "user" and
* "password" property should be included
* @return a Connection to the URL
* @exception SQLException if a database-access error occurs.
*/
public static synchronized Connection getConnection(String url,
java.util.Properties info) throws SQLException {
if(url == null) {
throw new SQLException("The url cannot be null", "08001");
}
println("DriverManager.getConnection(\"" + url + "\")");
if (!initialized) {
initialize();
}
// Figure out the current security context.
Object currentSecurityContext = getSecurityContext();
// Walk through the loaded drivers attempting to make a connection.
// Remember the first exception that gets raised so we can reraise it.
SQLException reason = null;
for (int i = 0; i < drivers.size(); i++) {
DriverInfo di = (DriverInfo)drivers.elementAt(i);
// if the driver isn't part of the base system and doesn't come
// from the same security context as the current caller, skip it.
if (di.securityContext != null &&
di.securityContext != currentSecurityContext) {
println(" skipping: " + di);
continue;
}
try {
println(" trying " + di);
Connection result = di.driver.connect(url, info);
if (result != null) {
// Success!
println("getConnection returning " + di);
return (result);
}
} catch (SQLException ex) {
if (reason == null) {
reason = ex;
}
}
}
// if we got here nobody could connect.
if (reason != null) {
println("getConnection failed: " + reason);
throw reason;
}
println("getConnection: no suitable driver");
throw new SQLException("No suitable driver", "08001");
}
/**
* Attempt to establish a connection to the given database URL.
* The DriverManager attempts to select an appropriate driver from
* the set of registered JDBC drivers.
*
* @param url a database url of the form jdbc:<em>subprotocol</em>:<em>subname</em>
* @param user the database user on whose behalf the Connection is being made
* @param password the user's password
* @return a Connection to the URL
* @exception SQLException if a database-access error occurs.
*/
public static synchronized Connection getConnection(String url,
String user, String password) throws SQLException {
java.util.Properties info = new java.util.Properties();
if (user != null) {
info.put("user", user);
}
if (password != null) {
info.put("password", password);
}
return (getConnection(url, info));
}
/**
* Attempt to establish a connection to the given database URL.
* The DriverManager attempts to select an appropriate driver from
* the set of registered JDBC drivers.
*
* @param url a database url of the form jdbc:<em>subprotocol</em>:<em>subname</em>
* @return a Connection to the URL
* @exception SQLException if a database-access error occurs.
*/
public static synchronized Connection getConnection(String url)
throws SQLException {
java.util.Properties info = new java.util.Properties();
return (getConnection(url, info));
}
/**
* Attempt to locate a driver that understands the given URL.
* The DriverManager attempts to select an appropriate driver from
* the set of registered JDBC drivers.
*
* @param url a database url of the form jdbc:<em>subprotocol</em>:<em>subname</em>
* @return a Driver that can connect to the URL
* @exception SQLException if a database-access error occurs.
*/
public static Driver getDriver(String url) throws SQLException {
println("DriverManager.getDriver(\"" + url + "\")");
if (!initialized) {
initialize();
}
// Figure out the current security context.
Object currentSecurityContext = getSecurityContext();
// Walk through the loaded drivers attempting to locate someone
// who understands the given URL.
for (int i = 0; i < drivers.size(); i++) {
DriverInfo di = (DriverInfo)drivers.elementAt(i);
// If the driver isn't part of the base system and doesn't come
// from the same security context as the current caller, skip it.
if (di.securityContext != null &&
di.securityContext != currentSecurityContext) {
println(" skipping: " + di);
continue;
}
try {
println(" trying " + di);
if (di.driver.acceptsURL(url)) {
// Success!
println("getDriver returning " + di);
return (di.driver);
}
} catch (SQLException ex) {
// Drop through and try the next driver.
}
}
println("getDriver: no suitable driver");
throw new SQLException("No suitable driver", "08001");
}
/**
* A newly loaded driver class should call registerDriver to make itself
* known to the DriverManager.
*
* @param driver the new JDBC Driver
* @exception SQLException if a database-access error occurs.
*/
public static synchronized void registerDriver(java.sql.Driver driver)
throws SQLException {
if (!initialized) {
initialize();
}
DriverInfo di = new DriverInfo();
di.driver = driver;
di.className = driver.getClass().getName();
// Note our current securityContext.
di.securityContext = getSecurityContext();
drivers.addElement(di);
println("registerDriver: " + di);
}
/**
* Drop a Driver from the DriverManager's list. Applets can only
* deregister Drivers from their own classloader.
*
* @param driver the JDBC Driver to drop
* @exception SQLException if a database-access error occurs.
*/
public static void deregisterDriver(Driver driver) throws SQLException {
// Figure out the current security context.
Object currentSecurityContext = getSecurityContext();
println("DriverManager.deregisterDriver: " + driver);
// Walk through the loaded drivers.
int i;
DriverInfo di = null;
for (i = 0; i < drivers.size(); i++) {
di = (DriverInfo)drivers.elementAt(i);
if (di.driver == driver) {
break;
}
}
// If we can't find the driver just return.
if (i >= drivers.size()) {
println(" couldn't find driver to unload");
return;
}
// If an applet is trying to free a driver from somewhere else
// throw a security exception.
if (currentSecurityContext != null &&
di.securityContext != currentSecurityContext) {
throw new SecurityException();
}
// Remove the driver. Other entries in drivers get shuffled down.
drivers.removeElementAt(i);
}
/**
* Return an Enumeration of all the currently loaded JDBC drivers
* which the current caller has access to.
*
* <P><B>Note:</B> The classname of a driver can be found using
* <CODE>d.getClass().getName()</CODE>
*
* @return the list of JDBC Drivers loaded by the caller's class loader
*/
public static java.util.Enumeration getDrivers() {
java.util.Vector result = new java.util.Vector();
if (!initialized) {
initialize();
}
// Figure out the current security context.
Object currentSecurityContext = getSecurityContext();
// Walk through the loaded drivers.
for (int i = 0; i < drivers.size(); i++) {
DriverInfo di = (DriverInfo)drivers.elementAt(i);
// if the driver isn't part of the base system and doesn't come
// from the same security context as the current caller, skip it.
if (di.securityContext != null &&
di.securityContext != currentSecurityContext) {
println(" skipping: " + di);
continue;
}
result.addElement(di.driver);
}
return (result.elements());
}
/**
* Set the maximum time in seconds that all drivers can wait
* when attempting to log in to a database.
*
* @param seconds the driver login time limit
*/
public static void setLoginTimeout(int seconds) {
loginTimeout = seconds;
}
/**
* Get the maximum time in seconds that all drivers can wait
* when attempting to log in to a database.
*
* @return the driver login time limit
*/
public static int getLoginTimeout() {
return (loginTimeout);
}
/**
* Set the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by the DriverManager
* and all drivers.
*
* @param out the new logging/tracing PrintStream; to disable, set to null
*/
public static void setLogStream(java.io.PrintStream out) {
logStream = out;
}
/**
* Get the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by the DriverManager
* and all drivers.
*
* @return the logging/tracing PrintStream; if disabled, is null
*/
public static java.io.PrintStream getLogStream() {
return (logStream);
}
/**
* Print a message to the current JDBC log stream
*
* @param message a log or tracing message
*/
public static void println(String message) {
if (logStream != null) {
logStream.println(message);
}
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
private static Object getSecurityContext() {
// Get the securityContext for our caller. For applets this
// will be the applet classloader base URL.
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
if (security == null) {
return (null);
}
return (security.getSecurityContext());
}
private static void loadInitialDrivers() {
String drivers;
try {
drivers = System.getProperty("jdbc.drivers");
} catch (Exception ex) {
drivers = null;
}
println("DriverManager.initialize: jdbc.drivers = " + drivers);
if (drivers == null) {
return;
}
while (drivers.length() != 0) {
int x = drivers.indexOf(':');
String driver;
if (x < 0) {
driver = drivers;
drivers = "";
} else {
driver = drivers.substring(0, x);
drivers = drivers.substring(x+1);
}
if (driver.length() == 0) {
continue;
}
try {
println("DriverManager.Initialize: loading " + driver);
Class.forName(driver);
} catch (Exception ex) {
println("DriverManager.Initialize: load failed: " + ex);
}
}
}
// Class initialization.
static void initialize() {
if (initialized) {
return;
}
initialized = true;
loadInitialDrivers();
println("JDBC DriverManager initialized");
}
// Prevent the DriverManager class from being instantiated.
private DriverManager(){}
private static java.util.Vector drivers = new java.util.Vector();
private static int loginTimeout = 0;
private static java.io.PrintStream logStream = null;
private static boolean initialized = false;
}
// DriverInfo is a package-private support class.
class DriverInfo {
Driver driver;
Object securityContext;
String className;
public String toString() {
return ("driver[className=" + className + ",context=" +
securityContext + "," + driver + "]");
}
}